Population Decline in FSM and RMI
The Federated States of Micronesia and Republic of the Marshall Islands Face Population Decline Crisis
A recent report from the Pacific Island News Agency (PINA) has revealed an alarming rate of population decline in the FSM and RMI. The data, released in February 2026, shows that the FSM's population has dropped from an estimated 102,000 in 2012 to just 71,000 by 2022, a staggering decline of nearly 30% over a decade.
The actual trend is one of rapid depopulation, which poses significant challenges for these small island nations. The FSM and RMI are among the most vulnerable countries in the Pacific to climate change, and their populations are particularly susceptible to its impacts. Sea-level rise, saltwater contamination of freshwater sources, and increased food insecurity are just a few of the factors that threaten the long-term sustainability of these nations.
The causes of this population decline are multifaceted. One major factor is migration, both within the region and to other parts of the world. US migration policies have encouraged citizens to relocate to the United States in search of better economic opportunities, resulting in a brain drain as highly skilled individuals leave their home countries to pursue careers abroad.
Another factor contributing to the population decline is aging. The FSM and RMI are among the oldest populations in the Pacific, with high rates of mortality and low birth rates. According to UN data, the average life expectancy in the FSM is just 67 years, while in RMI it stands at 66 years. This means that there are relatively few young people available to replace those who are aging or dying.
The impact of these population declines on the FSM and RMI cannot be overstated. With fewer people to support their economies, these countries face significant challenges in providing basic services such as healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The consequences of inaction will be severe, with potentially catastrophic effects for regional stability and global security.
In response to this crisis, policymakers in the FSM and RMI are exploring a range of initiatives aimed at retaining citizens and boosting population growth. These efforts include targeted economic development programs, improved access to education and healthcare, and incentives designed to attract young people back to their home countries. While these measures hold promise, they will require significant investment and cooperation from regional partners, including the United States.
Ultimately, the future of the FSM and RMI hangs in the balance. As these small island nations grapple with the challenges posed by population decline, it is clear that their very survival depends on finding innovative solutions to this complex and pressing issue.